Bone Density T-Score

The T-score shows how many standard deviations your bone density sits from the average young adult of the same sex. By WHO criteria, −1.0 or above is normal and −2.5 or below is osteoporosis.

Your numbers

T-score

Result

T-score

-1.5

What it means

Osteopenia range (−2.5 to −1.0) — bone density starting to thin.

Formula

Result = band(T-score)

This is a reading aid, not a diagnosis. Risk factors like menopause, age and medication need a clinician’s review.

What to enter

Input	Default	Accepted range
T-scoreHow many standard deviations your bone density sits from the average young adult of the same sex.	-1.5	-5 ~ 3

Step by step

FormulaResult = band(T-score)

With the default numbersResult = band(-1.5)

AnswerResult = 1

Quick reference table

Results when only T-score changes and everything else stays put.

T-score	Result	T-score
-0.75	0	-0.7
-1.12	1	-1.1
-1.5	1	-1.5
-2.25	1	-2.2
-3	2	-3

What each result means

Result	At default values
ResultWhat the formula gives back — the answer this page is for.	1
T-scoreHow many standard deviations your bone density sits from the average young adult of the same sex.	-1.5

Common mistakes

This is a reading aid, not a diagnosis. Risk factors like menopause, age and medication need a clinician’s review.

Glossary

T-score: How many standard deviations your bone density sits from the average young adult of the same sex.
Result: What the formula gives back — the answer this page is for.

Frequently asked questions

QHow is Bone Density T-Score calculated?

Result = band(T-score) — The T-score shows how many standard deviations your bone density sits from the average young adult of the same sex. By WHO criteria, −1.0 or above is normal and −2.5 or below is osteoporosis.

QCan you walk through an example?

With T-score -1.5, the answer is Result 1.

QWhat do I need to enter?

Enter T-score. The result recalculates as you type, and an empty box counts as zero.

QHow much does the answer move if I change a number?

Changing only T-score moves the answer to T-score -0.75 → Result 0 and T-score -3 → Result 2. The table below lays out five steps.

QHow are the numbers rounded?

Money is shown to the nearest whole unit, percentages to one decimal place and everything else to two. What you see is rounded; the calculation itself carries the unrounded value forward.

QAnything to watch out for?

This is a reading aid, not a diagnosis. Risk factors like menopause, age and medication need a clinician’s review.

Related calculators

Mean Arterial PressureGet MAP and pulse pressure from systolic and diastolic readings.Pulse PressureThe gap between your systolic and diastolic readings.Cholesterol RatioTotal cholesterol divided by HDL — a cardiovascular risk marker.LDL Cholesterol (Friedewald)Calculate LDL from the three numbers on your lipid panel.

These calculators help you understand health figures; they do not replace diagnosis or prescription. See a clinician if you have symptoms.