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Target Heart Rate (Karvonen)

Instead of taking a percentage of maximum heart rate, the Karvonen method takes a percentage of heart rate reserve — max minus resting. It suits fitter people with low resting rates better.

Your numbers

Zone low

148bpm

Zone high

160bpm

Max heart rate

184bpm

What it means

70% intensity is the aerobic development zone.

Formula

Zone low = (Max heart rate − Resting HR) × Intensity ÷ 100 + Resting HR (Karvonen)

Measure resting heart rate lying down, immediately after waking, for an accurate figure.

What to enter

InputDefaultAccepted range
AgeAge in completed years — it shifts by one depending on the birthday.355 ~ 100
Resting HR (bpm)Resting heart rate, taken right after waking.6530 ~ 120
Intensity (%)What share of your maximum heart rate you are working at.7040 ~ 95

Step by step

FormulaZone low = (Max heart rate − Resting HR) × Intensity ÷ 100 + Resting HR (Karvonen)
With the default numbersZone low = (Max heart rate − 65) × 70 ÷ 100 + 65 (Karvonen)
AnswerZone low = 148 bpm

Quick reference table

Results when only Age changes and everything else stays put.

AgeZone low (bpm)Zone high (bpm)Max heart rate (bpm)
17.5157170196
26.3152165190
35148160184
52.5139150171
70131140159

What each result means

ResultAt default values
Zone low (bpm)The bottom of the heart-rate band.148
Zone high (bpm)The top of the heart-rate band.160
Max heart rate (bpm)Maximum heart rate estimated from age; individual variation is large.184

Common mistakes

Measure resting heart rate lying down, immediately after waking, for an accurate figure.

Glossary

Age
Age in completed years — it shifts by one depending on the birthday.
Resting HR
Resting heart rate, taken right after waking.
Intensity
What share of your maximum heart rate you are working at.
Zone low
The bottom of the heart-rate band.
Zone high
The top of the heart-rate band.
Max heart rate
Maximum heart rate estimated from age; individual variation is large.

Frequently asked questions

Q. How is Target Heart Rate (Karvonen) calculated?

Zone low = (Max heart rate − Resting HR) × Intensity ÷ 100 + Resting HR (Karvonen) — Instead of taking a percentage of maximum heart rate, the Karvonen method takes a percentage of heart rate reserve — max minus resting. It suits fitter people with low resting rates better.

Q. Can you walk through an example?

With Age 35, Resting HR 65bpm, Intensity 70%, the answer is Zone low 148bpm.

Q. What do I need to enter?

Enter Age, Resting HR, Intensity. The result recalculates as you type, and an empty box counts as zero.

Q. How much does the answer move if I change a number?

Changing only Age moves the answer to Age 17.5 → Zone low (bpm) 157 and Age 70 → Zone low (bpm) 131. The table below lays out five steps.

Q. How are the numbers rounded?

Money is shown to the nearest whole unit, percentages to one decimal place and everything else to two. What you see is rounded; the calculation itself carries the unrounded value forward.

Q. Anything to watch out for?

Measure resting heart rate lying down, immediately after waking, for an accurate figure.

Related calculators

These calculators help you understand health figures; they do not replace diagnosis or prescription. See a clinician if you have symptoms.