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Bearing Between Two Points

A bearing is measured clockwise from north as zero. Using atan2 returns a value in 0–360° without case-checking quadrants. The reciprocal bearing for the return trip is shown too.

Your numbers

Bearing

29.74°

Distance

80.623

Angle (°)

209.74°

What it means

A bearing of 29.74° points north-east; the return bearing is 209.74°.

Formula

Bearing = atan2(x₂ − x₁, y₂ − y₁)

Here y is north and x is east. For latitude and longitude the Earth’s curvature requires the great-circle formula instead.

What to enter

InputDefaultAccepted range
x₁The horizontal coordinate of the first point.0No limit
y₁The vertical coordinate of the first point.0No limit
x₂The horizontal coordinate of the second point.40No limit
y₂The vertical coordinate of the second point.70No limit

Step by step

FormulaBearing = atan2(x₂ − x₁, y₂ − y₁)
With the default numbersBearing = atan2(40 − 0, 70 − 0)
AnswerBearing = 29.74 °

Quick reference table

Results when only x₂ changes and everything else stays put.

x₂Bearing (°)DistanceAngle (°) (°)
2015.9572.801195.95
3023.276.158203.2
4029.7480.623209.74
6040.692.195220.6
8048.81106.301228.81

What each result means

ResultAt default values
Bearing (°)The angle clockwise from north, with north as zero.29.74
DistanceThe straight-line distance between two points.80.623
Angle (°) (°)An angle in degrees; a full turn is 360°.209.74

Common mistakes

Here y is north and x is east. For latitude and longitude the Earth’s curvature requires the great-circle formula instead.

Glossary

x₁
The horizontal coordinate of the first point.
y₁
The vertical coordinate of the first point.
x₂
The horizontal coordinate of the second point.
y₂
The vertical coordinate of the second point.
Bearing
The angle clockwise from north, with north as zero.
Distance
The straight-line distance between two points.
Angle (°)
An angle in degrees; a full turn is 360°.

Frequently asked questions

Q. How is Bearing Between Two Points calculated?

Bearing = atan2(x₂ − x₁, y₂ − y₁) — A bearing is measured clockwise from north as zero. Using atan2 returns a value in 0–360° without case-checking quadrants. The reciprocal bearing for the return trip is shown too.

Q. Can you walk through an example?

With x₁ 0, y₁ 0, x₂ 40, y₂ 70, the answer is Bearing 29.74°.

Q. What do I need to enter?

Enter x₁, y₁, x₂, y₂. The result recalculates as you type, and an empty box counts as zero.

Q. How much does the answer move if I change a number?

Changing only x₂ moves the answer to x₂ 20 → Bearing (°) 15.95 and x₂ 80 → Bearing (°) 48.81. The table below lays out five steps.

Q. How are the numbers rounded?

Money is shown to the nearest whole unit, percentages to one decimal place and everything else to two. What you see is rounded; the calculation itself carries the unrounded value forward.

Q. Anything to watch out for?

Here y is north and x is east. For latitude and longitude the Earth’s curvature requires the great-circle formula instead.

Related calculators

Keep your length units consistent across inputs — mixing centimetres and metres throws results far off.